問題文
A shipbuilder splits its weld inspection records into three parts. The first is used to fit the model, the second to choose between candidate settings, and the third is opened only once at the end. An auditor asks a project engineer which of the three supports the figure that will be reported to the steering committee. What is the accurate answer?
選択肢
- The third, because the second was used to make choices and any figure taken from it reflects those choices rather than performance on records that played no part in building the model.
- Either the second or the third, since both were withheld from fitting the model and the distinction between choosing settings and fitting parameters is a matter of terminology that does not affect whether the figure describes performance on records the model has not seen.
- All three combined, because reporting the figure over the whole set of records gives the steering committee the most complete picture of how the model performs across the full range of welds the shipbuilder has inspected over the period covered by the data.
- Only the second, because it is the part on which the candidate settings were compared and the best figure observed there is the model's performance.